Differential gearing for automobiles.



AN DOR. T. NOGRADY. DIFFERENTIAL GEARING FO R AUTOMOBILES.

I Pa tented May18, 1915.

'2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

ATTORNEY E if STS A AN'DOB 'r. NOGRADY, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR, BY-IZDIVEECT ANnME sNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO DOUBLE DRIVE DIFFERENTIAL COMPANY, or KANSAS CITY,

MISSOURI, A CORPORATION OF MAINE.

DIFFERENTIALGEARING l EOR AUTOMOBILES.

To all'whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, AN Don T. NoGRADY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Kansas City, in the county of Jackson and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Differential Gearing for Automobiles, of which the following is a specification.

'bricating or other operations, and my special object is to produce differential gearing of the character outlined possessing advantages in point of strength, durability, compactness and cheapness of construction.

To this end the invention consists in certain novel and peculiar features of construction and organization as hereinafter described and claimed; and in order that it may be fully understood reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1, is a central vertical section of a differential gearing embodying my invention. Fig. 2, is a central transverse section thereof, with certain parts broken away and other parts in the background omitted. Fig. 3, is a detailed perspective view illustrating the relation of the wheels of the gearing and one of the two directions in which they turn in differentiating. Fig, 1, is a top view of a modified form of the mechanism illustrated in Fig. 3.

In thesaid drawing, 11 are the sections of an axle for use on an automobile, and non-rotatably secured on the inner ends of the axle sections are gear wheels 2 which gears may be spiral gears as shown in Figs. 1 to 3 inclusive or ordinary straight gears as indicated at 2 in Fig. 4, it being also understood that the spiral gears may be either of the right or left hand type but that they should both be either right hand or left hand. gears.

The gears '2 and 2 are provided with smooth outer ends 3 and smooth inner ends 4:, the inner ends being preferably of reduced diameter.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 18, 1915.

Application filed August 3,1914. Serial No. 854,770.

jointly form a closed hollow casing and the hub portions of the cups are journaled on the portions 3 of the gears 2 as shown clearly in Fig. 1. Any suitable bearings such: as the ball bearings 7 and 8 may be employed: between the hollow casing composed of said cups and the housing 9 for I the axle sections 1. No claim to the special antifriction devices employed is made.

Clamped to and between and arranged circumferentially of the cups 6, is a master gear 10, shown in this instance as of the spiral. toothed type, and meshing with a worm 11 mounted on the drive shaft 12 of the engine.

Journaled on diametrically opposite arms of the cross-shaped frame 5, is a pair of conical spiral toothed gear wheels 13, each meshing at opposite sides with spiral gears 14, one of each pair of which mesh with one of the gears 2, while the other of each pair of gears lel mesh with the other gear 2,- it being noted by reference particularly to Figs. 1, 3 and 4, that the opposite ends of gears 1i terminate in short and long spindles 15 and 16 respectively, this arrangementbeing resorted to so that each gear can be journaled in what may be termed the outer walls of the casing composed of the cups without conflict with the gear wheels 2 with which they are not engaged, that is to say by providing each gear 1i with a long spindle 16, such spindle can extend past the gear with which it should not engage in order to reach and be journaled in the outer wall of the said casing as clearly shown, and in this connection by reference to Fig. 2, part ularly, it will be seen that by using a crossshaped frame and mounting inwardly tapering conical gears thereon, it is possible to arrange gears 14 with their axes at about the same distance from the axis of the axle 2 and therefore the construction in Fi l has the same mode ofoperation and result as the construction shown in the preceding figures Assuming that the differential gearing described is mounted upon a motor car, it will -be apparent that as long as the car t avels in a direct line, the power from theengine will be applied equally upon both of the axle sections, because the rotation imparted to the casing carrying the cross- .shap'ed frame is transmitted by the conical gears 13 directly to the spiral gears meshingwith and disposed at opposite sides of the same, it being understood that as long as this action continues there will be no rotation of gears 13 and Ilaround their own axes, and this friction lock between the gears 13 and 14 while sullicient to propel the car permits of dilferentiation when necessary through unequal travel of the gear wheels on the axle sections, which unequal travel may be incident to running over uneven roads, but generally occurs when a car is caused to change its direction of travel, as in such case the speed of the outside wheel must increase in proportion to the radius of thelturn.

Assuming that the car is making a turn whereby the wheel on axle section carrying the right'hand gear wheel 2 of Fig. 3 accele 'ates in speed, it will be seen that differentiation will occur, that is to say, the straight spiral gear wheel 2 will turn in the direction indicated by the arrow thereon, and thus turn the engaged wheel l-l in the direction indicated by the arrow upon the same, and said wheel will in turn transn'lit rotation to wheel 13 as indicated bv the arrow thereon and through said wheel to the other wheel 1-1 in the direction indicated by the arrow thereon and through the latter to the-other wheel .2, which however, having :'zrlional resistancewith the ground (loos not accelerate but reacts to compel wheels 14. and 13 to planetate around gears Because of this fact it is also clear that when one wheel is jacked up oil the ground, it can be turned without imparting rotation to the companion wheel upon the ground.

From the above description it will be aptage enumerated as desirable in the statement of the object of the invention, and I wish it to be understood that while I have illustrated and described the preferred embodiment of the same, I reserve the right to make all changes falling within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A differential gearing, comprising a master gear, a pair of alined axle sections, a radially arranged spiral gear rotatable with the master gear and also rotatable around its own axis, a pair of similar spiral gears meshing with and located at opposite sides of the radially ar'anged spiral gear and paralleling the axle sections, and gearing between said pair of spiral gears and said axle sections.

2. A differential gearing comprising a master gear,'a pair of alined axle sections aranged centrally of the master gear, a pair of radially arranged spiral gears rotatable with the master gear and also rctatatle independent thereof around their own axes, a pair of spiral gears meshing with each radial gear and located at opposite sides of the same and extending parallel with the axle sections, and gearing (.O-llllCtiOllS between one of each pair of -Srl'.(l pairs of spiral gears with one of said axle ermons and between the remaining gears of said pairs of spiral gears and the other axle section.

3. A .difi'erential gearing, comprising a pair of alined axle sections,-a pair of gear wheels mounted thereon and rotatable therewith, a casing bearing a journaled relation to said gear wheels and inelosing the teeth thereof, a cross-shaped frame journaled on. said gear wheels inward of the teeth thereof, and scented to said casing, intvardly tapering radially arranged spiral gear wheels journaled on said cross-shaped frame, a pair of spiral gear wheels paralleling the firstnamed gear-wheels and each meshing with one of the latter. and with the opposite sides of one of the radially arranged gear wheels, and journaled in and carried by said casing, and a master gear wheel rigidly secured to said casing concentricallv of the axis thereof.

- -l a ln testimonywhereof I alhx my signature in presence of two witnesses.

AN 'DOR '1. NOGRADY.

\Vitnesses:

II. C. llonenns, (in. Y. Tnourn. 

